Nhanganyaya kumichina yechikafu
Indasitiri yechikafu ndiyo yekutanga indasitiri yakakura muindasitiri yekugadzira pasi rose. Muchikamu cheindasitiri iyi yakawedzerwa, mwero wekuvandudza kwechikafu, kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kurongedzerwa kwechikafu kwakanangana nemhando yehupenyu hwevanhu uye chiratidzo chakakosha chinoratidza danho rebudiriro yenyika. Kubva pane zvigadzirwa, tekinoroji yekugadzira, zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa, kurongedza kusvika pakushandisa kwekupedzisira, iyo yese yekuyerera nzira yakaoma, inopindirana, chinongedzo chega chega hachipatsanurwe kubva kune yepasirese yekutanga-kirasi yemhando yekusimbisa uye ruzivo rwekuyerera kwekutengesa papuratifomu.
1, Iyo pfungwa yemuchina wekudya uye kupatsanura
Michina yechikafu ndeyekurima uye padivi zvigadzirwa semidziyo yekugadzira zvinodyika zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira michina yekuisa uye michina. Indasitiri yekugadzira chikafu inosanganisira huwandu hwakawanda hwevhu, hwakadai seshuga, zvinwiwa, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, makeke, siwiti, mazai, miriwo, michero, zvigadzirwa zvemumvura, mafuta nemafuta, zvinonhuwira, bento chikafu, soya zvigadzirwa, nyama, doro, chikafu chemumagaba. , nezvimwewo, indasitiri yega yega ine inoenderana yekugadzirisa michina. Zvinoenderana nekuita kwemuchina wechikafu unogona kukamurwa kuita zvakajairwa-chinangwa muchina wechikafu uye yakakosha chikafu muchina mapoka maviri. Michina yechikafu yechikafu, inosanganisira michina yekurasa zvinhu mbishi (senge kuchenesa, kubvisa-kusanganisa, kupatsanura uye kusarudzwa kwemichina nemidziyo), yakasimba uye yehupfu yekurasa michina (yakadai sekupwanya, kucheka, kupwanya michina nemidziyo), michina yekurasa mvura (yakadai. semichina yakawanda-chikamu chekuparadzanisa, muchina wekusanganisa, homogenizer emulsification midziyo, mvura yakawandisa yakaenzana muchina, nezvimwewo), yekuomesa michina (yakadai seyakasiyana-siyana yemhepo yekumanikidza uye vacuum yekuomesa muchina), midziyo yekubikira (kusanganisira dzakasiyana siyana dzakagadziriswa bhokisi rudzi, Rotary, chain-belt baking equipment) uye akasiyana matangi anoshandiswa mukugadzirisa.
2, Michina yekudya inowanzoshandiswa zvinhu
Kugadzirwa kwechikafu kune nzira yayo yakasiyana, iyo inoratidzirwa ne: kusangana nemvura, michina inotarisana nekupisa kwepamusoro; kazhinji kushanda pakakwirira kana kuderera tembiricha, michina mune tembiricha musiyano kwezvakatipoteredza; kusangana kwakananga nechikafu uye zvinoparadza midhiya, iyo michina zvinhu inopfeka uye kubvarura yakakura. Naizvozvo, mukusarudzwa kwemichina yechikafu nemidziyo yemidziyo, kunyanya muchina wechikafu uye zvekushandisa zvekudya, mukuwedzera kufunga nezveyakajairwa dhizaini kuti isangane nemakanika zvinhu zvakaita sesimba, kusimba, vibration kuramba, nezvimwewo, asi zvakare inofanirwa kubhadhara. kutarisa kune zvinotevera nheyo:
Haifanirwe kunge iine zvinhu zvinokuvadza hutano hwevanhu kana chikafu chinogona kuburitsa kemikari.
Inofanira kuva nekukwirira kwepamusoro kune ngura uye corrosion.
Inofanira kunge iri nyore kuchenesa uye inogona kuchengetedzwa kwenguva yakareba isina discoloration.
Inofanirwa kukwanisa kuchengetedza yakanaka mechanical zvivakwa munzvimbo yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha.
Zvinoenderana nemisimboti iri pamusoro, kushandiswa kwezvinhu muindasitiri yemuchina wechikafu ndeiyi:
Simbi isina ngura
Stainless simbi isimbi ine alloy inokwanisa kuramba kuita ngura mumhepo kana makemikari anodya. Iyo yakakosha kuumbwa kwesimbi isina tsvina ndeye iron-chromium alloy uye iron-chromium-nickel alloy, kuwedzera kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzerwa, senge zirconium, titanium, molybdenum, manganese,, platinum, tungsten, mhangura, nitrogen, nezvimwe. .. Nekuda kwekuumbwa kwakasiyana, corrosion resistance properties zvakasiyana. Simbi uye chromium ndizvo zvakakosha zvikamu zveakasiyana simbi isina tsvina, tsika yakaratidza kuti kana simbi ine chromium inopfuura 12%, inogona kuramba kukora kweakasiyana media, iyo yakawanda chromium yemukati yesimbi isina simbi haipfuure 28%. Simbi isina tsvina ine zvakanakira corrosion resistance, simbi isina tsvina, isina kushanduka, hapana kuora uye yakasungirirwa chikafu chiri nyore kubvisa uye tembiricha yepamusoro, yakaderera tembiricha michina zvinhu, uye zvichingodaro, uye nekudaro mumashini echikafu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Simbi isina tsvina inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira chikafu muchina pombi, mavharuvhu, pombi, matangi, mapoto, kupisa exchangers, yevasungwa midziyo, vacuum midziyo, etc. Mukuwedzera, mukuwedzera kune chikafu chekugadzira michina, chikafu chekuchenesa michina uye kutakura chikafu, kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza. matangi uye nekuda kwe ngura yayo ichakanganisa chikafu chehutsanana midziyo, zvakare shandisa simbi isina tsvina.
Simbi
Yakajairwa kabhoni simbi uye simbi yakakandwa haina kunaka corrosion resistance, iri nyore kuita ngura, uye haifanirwe kunge yakanangana nezvinosvibisa chikafu midhiya, inowanzo shandiswa mumidziyo kutakura mutoro wechimiro. Simbi nesimbi zvinhu zvakanakira kupfeka zvinoiswa pasi pemidziyo yakaoma, nekuti iron-carbon alloys inogona kuve neakasiyana-siyana anodzivirira kupfeka metallographic zvimiro nekudzora kuumbwa kwavo uye kupisa kupisa. Iron pachayo haina ngozi kumuviri wemunhu, asi kana ikasangana netannin nezvimwe zvinhu, inobvisa chikafu. Iron rust inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwemuchina kumuviri wemunhu kana ichinge yanyungudika muchikafu. Simbi nesimbi zvinhu zvine zvazvakanakira mukupfeka kusamira, kuneta kuramba, kukanganisa kupikisa, zvichingodaro, zvichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumichina yekudya muChina, kunyanya michina yekugadzira hupfu, michini yekugadzira pasta, michina yekupusha, nezvimwe. Musimbi yakashandiswa, iyo yakawanda yakawanda yekabhoni simbi, kunyanya 45 uye A3 simbi. Aya masimbi anonyanya kushandiswa muzvikamu zvemichina yechikafu, uye inonyanya kushandiswa simbi yesimbi igrey cast iron, iyo inoshandiswa muchigaro chemuchina, press roll nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda vibrate uye kupfeka kuramba. Ductile simbi uye chena simbi yakakandwa inoshandiswa uko iyo yakazara mechanical zvivakwa zvakakwirira uye kupfeka kuramba kunodiwa, zvichiteerana.
Masimbi asina-ferrous
Izvo zvisiri-ferrous metal zvinhu mumichina yezvokudya zvinonyanya aluminium alloy, mhangura yakachena uye mhangura yemhangura, etc. Aluminium alloy ine zvakanakira kurwisana nekuora uye thermal conductivity, kushanda kwekushisa kwepasi, kushanda kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa uye kureruka. Marudzi echikafu ayo aruminiyamu alloy anoshandiswa anonyanya kuve makabhohaidhiretsi, mafuta, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka uye zvichingodaro. Nekudaro, organic acids uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoparadza zvinogona kukonzera ngura yealuminium uye aruminiyamu alloy mune mamwe mamiriro. Corrosion yealuminium nealuminium alloy mumuchina wechikafu, kune rimwe divi, inokanganisa hupenyu hwesevhisi, kune rimwe divi, zvinhu zvinoparadza muchikafu uye zvinoisa hutano hwevanhu pangozi. Mhangura yakachena, inozivikanwawo semhangura yepepuru, inoratidzirwa nekunyanya kupisa kwekushisa, saka inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinopisa kupisa, chinogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvakasiyana-siyana zvekupisa. Kunyange zvazvo mhangura ine imwe dhigirii yekudzivisa kuora, asi mhangura pane zvimwe zvekudya zvekudya, zvakadai sevhitamini C ine simba rinoparadza, kuwedzera kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa (zvakadai semukaka wemukaka) zvakare nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo yemhangura uye kunhuwa. Naizvozvo, kazhinji haishandiswe mukusangana kwakananga nechikafu, asi inoshandiswa mumidziyo yakadai seyekupisa kupisa kana mhepo inopisa mumafiriji masisitimu. Kazhinji, michina yechikafu nemidziyo, yakambove nesimbi dziri pamusoro dzisiri-ferrous yekugadzira yakananga kusangana nenhengo dzechikafu kana maumbirwo emidziyo, iri kuwedzera kusaora uye hutsanana hutsanana hwesimbi isina simbi kana isiri-simbi zvinhu kutsiva.
Kwete-simbi
Muchigadziro chemichina yezvokudya, kunze kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakanaka zvesimbi, asiwo kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwezvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi mumakina echikafu nemidziyo inonyanya kupurasitiki. Mapurasitiki anowanzo shandiswa polyethylenes, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene epurasitiki uye phenolic purasitiki ine hupfu uye fiber filler, laminated plastiki, epoxy resin, polyamide, akasiyana mataurirwo efuro, polycarbonate plastiki, nezvimwewo, kuwedzera kune akasiyana echisikigo uye ekugadzira rabha. . Muchikafu muchina kusarudzwa kwepurasitiki uye polymer zvinhu, zvinofanirwa kunge zvichibva pane yezvekudya mune zvehutano uye quarantine zvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa zvehutano hwenyika uye zviremera zvekuvharirwa kubvumira kushandiswa kwezvinhu kusarudza. Kazhinji, uko kusangana kwakananga nechikafu chepolymeric zvinhu kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvachose chisina chepfu uye chisingakuvadzi kuvanhu, haifanire kuunza kunhuhwirira kwakashata kuchikafu uye kukanganisa kuravira kwechikafu, haifanire kunyungudika kana kuzvimba mukati mekudya, tisingatauri nezve kuita kwemakemikari nechikafu. Naizvozvo, michina yechikafu haifanirwe kushandiswa mune yakaderera molecular polymers ine mvura kana ine yakaoma monomers, nekuti mapolymer akadaro anowanzo chepfu. Mamwe mapurasitiki anoshanda mukuchembera kana tembiricha yakakwira, senge yakakwira-tembiricha sterilization, inogona kuora soluble monomers uye kupararira muchikafu, kuitira kuti chikafu chidzikire.
3, Kusarudzwa kwemisimboti yemuchina wekudya uye zvinodiwa
Kugona kwekugadzira kwemidziyo kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvehukuru hwekugadzira. Mukusarudza kana dhizaini yemidziyo, hunyanzvi hwayo hwekugadzira kuti huenderane nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira hwemimwe michina muhurongwa hwese hwekugadzira, kuitira kuti michina ive nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro mukushandiswa, kwete kumhanya nguva inoderedzwa kusvika padiki.
1, Haibvumire kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira zvemukati zvinovaka muviri, zvinofanirwawo kuwedzera izvo zvinovaka muviri.
2, haibvumire kuparadzwa kwekunaka kwepakutanga kwezvinhu zvakabikwa.
3, Inopindirana nehutsanana hwekudya.
4, Hunhu hwechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa nemidziyo inofanira kusangana neyakajairwa.
5, Performance inogoneka, ine inonzwisisika tekinoroji uye hupfumi zviratidzo. Midziyo iyi inofanirwawo kukwanisa kuderedza kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye simba, kana kuve nemudziyo wekudzokorodza kuitira kuona kuti kugadzira kune zui yakaderera mutengo. Kusvibiswa kwakaderera kune zvakatipoteredza.
6, Kuti uve nechokwadi chehutsanana hwekugadzirwa kwechikafu, michina iyi nemidziyo zvinofanirwa kuve nyore kuparadzanisa uye kugeza.
7, Kazhinji kutaura, kutaridzika kweiyo saizi yemuchina idiki, huremu huremu, chikamu chekutumira chinonyanya kuiswa murack, chiri nyore kufamba.
8, Sezvo iyi michina nemidziyo uye mvura, asidhi, alkali nemimwe mikana yekuonana yawanda, izvo zvinodikanwa zvezvinhu zvinofanirwa kunge zvichikwanisa kurwisa-kuora uye kudzivirira ngura, uye kusangana zvakananga nezvikamu zvechigadzirwa, zvinofanirwa kushandiswa simbi isina tsvina. . Magetsi emagetsi anofanirwa kusarudzwa mhando yehunyoro-uchapupu, uye mhando yezvikamu zvekuzvidzora zvakanaka uye zvine hunyoro hunoratidza kuita.
9, Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekugadzirwa kwefekitori yechikafu uye inogona kunyora zvimwe, izvo zvinodikanwa zvemuchina wayo nemidziyo zviri nyore kugadzirisa, nyore kushandura mold, kugadzirisa nyore, uye nepazvinobvira kuita muchina wakawanda-chinangwa.
10, Inoda iyi michina nemidziyo yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika, iri nyore kubata, iri nyore kushandisa, iri nyore kugadzira uye kushomeka kwekudyara.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2023